Abstract Background Hepatitis B and C is common in Pakistan and various risk factors are attributable to its spread.One thousand and fifty consecutive male cases suffering from Garcinia Cambogia chronic liver disease (327 HBV and 723 HCV) were selected from the OPD of public sector hospital and a private clinic dealing exclusively with the liver patients.To compare the results 723 age and gender matched controls were selected from the blood transfusion services of the public sector hospital.A standard questionnaire was filled for all patients and controls which included the information on possible risk factors.Findings Family history of liver disease was significantly higher (43% and 34%) in HBV and HCV positive cases as compared to 5% in controls [odds ratio 15.
6; 95% Confidence Interval CI: 10.1 -- 24.1, 10.9; 95% Confidence Interval CI: 7.3 -- 16.
4] and same trend was seen for death due to liver disease in the family.Majority 74% hepatitis B positive Wooden Bear Family Puzzle cases had their shaves done at communal barbers but this practice was equally prevalent amongst controls (68%), thus negating it as a possible risk factor, but there is a significant risk with p Conclusion Injections, surgery and dental treatment appear as major risk factors for the transmission of hepatitis B and C in the community.Massive health care awareness drives need to be done for both health care providers and the public to reduce this menace.